Overview
A fasciotomy is an emergency procedure commonly used to treat acute compartment syndrome (compartment syndrome occurs when the pressure builds up in a non-compliant osseofascial compartment and causes ischemia leading to muscle and nerve necrosis).
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| Fasciotomy |
Fasciotomy is an emergency surgical procedure that involves cutting and opening the fascia (a dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds muscles, nerves, and blood vessels) to relieve pressure and tension in the affected area, and to promote healing and preventing further damage.
Indications for fasciotomy
Fasciotomy is indicated in the following conditions;
1. Compartment syndrome is an Increased pressure within a muscle compartment, leading to nerve and muscle tissue damage.
2. fasciotomy is indicated in trauma and Severe injuries, such as fractures or crush injuries, causing compartment syndrome.
3. Infections: fasciotomy is required in severe infectio like necrotizing fasciitis which may surgical intervention.
4. Burns: Severe burns causing eschar formation, which may lead to compartment syndrome.
5. Muscle or nerve compressio: to Relieve pressure on compressed muscles or nerves.
Procedure
1. Incision: A surgical incision is usually to access the affected area.
2. Fascial release: The fascia is carefully cut and opened to relieve pressure.
3. Debridement: Dead tissue and debris are removed.
4. Irrigation: The area is cleaned and irrigated.
5. Closure: The incision is closed, often with drainage tubes.
Benefits
The following are some of the benefits of fasciotomy;
1. Relieves pressure and tension
2. Promotes blood flow and oxygenation
3. Prevents nerve and muscle damage
4. Supports wound healing
5. Reduces risk of complications
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Risks and complications
1. Infection
2. Bleeding
3. Nerve or muscle damage
4. Scarring
5. Wound complications